Genetic engineering is an important issue in society today. Some people think that it will improve people’s lives in many ways. Others feel that it may be a threat to life on earth. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
翻译： 基因工程是当今社会的一个重要议题。有些人认为它会在很多方面改善人们的生活。其他人认为基因工程会对地球生物产生威胁。讨论这两种观点并给出自己的看法。
话题： 社会类
类型：双边讨论
解析：
这个题目有两个难点：
1.基因工程是什么？
2.好处要讨论对提升人类生活的好处，注意小范围。
我们先来看基因工程是什么：
Genetic engineering, also called Genetic modification or Genetic manipulation, is the direct manipulation of an organism's genes using biotechnology.
Wikipedia
咱们看上面这句维基百科中的定义，给了我们两个基因工程的同意替换词Genetic modification, Genetic manipulation，大家首先先记下来，文中可以进行替换。
另外我们看结尾给出了一个单词biotechnology，生物技术，生物工程，这个词我们也可以在文中进行利用，比如可以在开头使用，说Thanks to the development of biotechnology,…….
It is a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of cells, including the transfer of genes within and across species boundaries to produce improved or novel organisms.
Wikipedia
这句是对基因工程的具体定义，它是一套用于改变细胞基因构成的技术，目的是改良或制造新的生物体，比如克隆羊，克隆人等。 理解到这就够我们写文章的了……(以大橘的生物知识，也只能理解到这儿了，啊哈哈哈，生物大佬，理科大佬们可以继续挖深研究)。
这句解释中， genetic makeup of cells 属于垂直领域词汇，大家记下来，写在文章里，词汇会加分。
而 novel 这个词很多同学认识它都是作为名词小说，但其形容词意思‘新颖的；与众不同的；珍奇的’使用也非常广泛，在雅思阅读中出现过多次。 推荐大家使用的一个词组为 a novel way of doing sth. 做某事的一种新的方式/新奇的方式。
那么谁来从事基因工程的工作呢？这篇作文中会用到的 ‘人’ 如何表达：
Genetic engineers are technically not engineers, but are referred to as such because of their ability to rework the structures of DNA. They generally work for pharmaceutical companies or other private corporations, working toward projects that serve several purposes, such as regulating animal breeding or treating genetic illnesses in humans.
我们看到基因工程师叫做Genetic engineers, 他们在pharmaceutical companies 制药公司工作，工作的任务可以帮助regulating animal breeding 调节动物繁殖 或者 treating genetic illnesses in humans治疗人类基因疾病。 怪不得，人们回去讨论基因工程对提升人类生活的好处，因为其可以治疗基因方面的疾病，而这些疾病通过普通的治疗方式往往效果不佳。
好那么我们具体来看一下，基因工程还有什么好处和弊端呢？
Pros：
1.Tackling and Defeating Diseases
Some of the most deadly and difficult diseases in the world, that have so resisted destruction, could be wiped out by the use of genetic engineering.
例子：
For instance, Cystic Fibrosis, a progressive and dangerous disease for which there is no known cure, could be completely cured with the help of selective genetic engineering.
2.Getting Rid of All Illnesses in Young and Unborn Children
All children would be able to be born healthy and strong with no diseases or illnesses present at birth. Genetic engineering can also be used to help people who risk passing on terribly degenerative diseases to their children.
3.Potential to Live Longer
With genetic engineering, we could reverse some of the most basic reasons for the body’s natural decline on a cellular level, drastically improving both the span of our lives and the quality of life later on. It could also help humans adapt to the growing problems of, for instance, global warming in the world.
基因工程好厉害呀，是不是也能改变我基因让我吃啥都不胖呢？
Cons：
1.May Lead to Genetic Defects
Scientists do not yet know absolutely everything about the way that the human body works.What if we manage to wipe out one disease only to introduce something brand new and even more dangerous? Additionally, if scientists genetically engineer babies still in the womb, there is a very real and present danger that this could lead to complications, including miscarriage (early on), premature birth or even stillbirth, all of which are unthinkable.
2.Limits Genetic Diversity
We need diversity in all species of animals. By genetically engineering our species, however, we will be having a detrimental effect on our genetic diversity in the same way as something like cloning would.
All right, 分析的差不多啦，咱们来看范文，今天的范文是Simon老师的9分大作哦。
范文分析：
It is true that genetic engineering is a key area of modern scientific research, with broad implications for all human societies. Although I accept that this field of technology may have its dangers, I believe that the benefits of genetic engineering outweigh the drawbacks.
（开头段-经典两句话，背景引入+给出观点。 你看他还是形式主语背景引入+让步状语表达观点-总是读我们范文的小伙伴，对于这种开头方式一定不陌生了，记得自己实践应用哦）
The negative implications of genetic engineering are often discussed in terms of two key areas, which are food productionand the cloning of humans. Genetically modified crops are already being grown, and people are concerned that they may damage whole ecosystems as foods become resistant to diseases and natural predators. But perhaps even more worrying isthe possibility that humans could be modified or cloned. Some people imagine a world in which cloned humans are used to fight wars or to provide body part replacements. Although perhaps not a threat to life on earth, the implications of such practices would be unprecedented ( adj. 空前的)
(主体1段：写弊端，结构为：观点+展开，观点中包含了两个小点，后面分别对两个小点进行了具体的阐述，结构十分工整。句型上面，大家可以学习：The negative implications of xxxx are often discussed in terms of two key areas, which are 与弊端体现在的方面1 and 方面2. 方面1展开. But perhaps even more worrying is 方面2+展开)
A more optimistic prediction, and one that I favour, is that humans will find ways to mitigate the risks(减轻风险，规避风险) and use genetic technologies in a responsible way. From the food production perspective, genetic engineering could be the solution to famine(n. 饥荒；饥饿) in developing countries, if, for instance, crops can be grown more reliably in harsh conditions（好修饰：严酷的环境，恶劣的环境）. From a medical perspective, scientists may use genetic engineering to produce vaccines, to cure diseases, or to correct a genetic defect before a child is born. If properly regulated, even cloning can be done in a way that improves lives. For example, the cloning of individual organs, such as a heart or kidney（肾脏）, could be permitted for transplant（动词/名词：移植） purposes.
（主体2段：写上述弊端可以被减轻或规避，于此同时还可以带来好处。上下两段这样呼应着写有助于提高评分标准中‘连贯与衔接’这一项的分数）
In conclusion, I am convinced that genetic engineering will have a positive impact on our lives, and that people's fears will be unwarranted（形容词：无根据的，不必要的）.
（非常简洁的结尾段，总结收束上文）
